The Psychosocial and Mental Health Dimensions of Pakistani Smokers

Abstract

The current study aims to investigate the relationship between heavy smokers' social
adjustment, life satisfaction, and mental health, as well as their gender and
socioeconomic status. In this study, correlational and comparative group designs were
used to test the hypotheses. A sample of 120 chain smokers by using a convenient
sampling technique was taken from the city of Faisalabad, Pakistan. The participants
were divided into two groups: male and female smokers. The social adjustment scale
(SAS; Cooper, Osborn, and Gath, 1977), the life satisfaction scale (Mehmood, 2013), and
the General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ) (Goldberg,1978) were used. These
analyses were validated by using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 24
(SPSS-24). The study revealed a significant relationship between social adjustment, life
satisfaction, and mental health among heavy smokers. Similarly, the independent
sample t-test revealed a significant mean difference in social adjustment, life
satisfaction, and mental health between male and female chain smokers. It has also
resulted that there is a significant mean difference between higher and lower socioeconomic heavy smokers on study variables. Findings have theoretical and managerial
implications, as well as new research directions for scholars.