Comprehensive Literature Review of Work-life Balance in Pakistan

Abstract

This study seeks to explore the existing research on the ongoing issue of work-life
balance in Pakistan. For this purpose, the current research leverages literature on
work-life balance factors. A comprehensive literature analysis indicated that "job
satisfaction, organizational commitment, job stress, employee behavior, job
engagement, organizational support, emotional intelligence, psychological well-being,
job burnout, and job performance" are the most prominent factors, while "education,
banking, and healthcare" sectors have been studied the most. In addition, the social
exchange theory was shown to be the most prevalent explanation for the phenomena.
Further, future studies could focus on industrial based studies, methodological based
studies, empirical studies, and methodological studies. In Pakistan, future research
might be conducted in the “retail, manufacturing, hotels, and telecom” industries as
these industries were not explored in the past. The partial least square approach might
significantly complement the new research from a methodological standpoint as this is
the most useful technique to analyze the empirical data. Alternative theories such as
"knowledge-based theory, resource-based theory, and dynamic capacity theory" might
be empirically coupled to produce a feasible research concern as these theories have
ability to enhance the employee’s capacity to better manage their jobs.